LoRaWAN-Based Fishing Zone Violation Monitoring System for Traditional Fishing Vessels in the Malacca Strait

Abstract

The fisheries and marine sectors are among the potential sectors that Indonesia possesses. Fishermen, as the
primary drivers of the maritime field, play an important role in the country's economy. As a sovereign nation, the
government is expected to ensure and protect the safety of fishermen, particularly traditional fishermen who carry out
fishing activities in Indonesian territorial waters. However, there are still many issues encountered in the field. One of them
is the violation of fishing zones by traditional fishing vessels. With the numerous cases of fishing zone violations occurring,
at least two main factors contribute to these violations: the lack of information regarding the permitted fishing zones that
are still within Indonesia's territorial waters and the limited availability of navigation tools such as GPS and AIS, which
many fishermen do not possess, preventing them from accurately knowing their position while fishing and whether they
have exited the permitted zones. A fishing zone violation monitoring system is greatly needed to provide solutions to this
problem. This study aims to design a monitoring system for fishing zone violations by traditional fishing vessels using
LoraWAN technology as a communication device. The designed system will automatically provide early warnings from
the Lora-Gateway to traditional fishermen who are fishing outside the designated zones through the Lora-Transponder
device installed on the fishing vessels. The system will monitor every movement of vessels violating the fishing zone by
utilizing the mapping data of Fishing Zone coordinates, stored in a real-time coordinate database. The monitoring system
will also automatically send notifications as an early warning system if there are traditional fishing vessels that exit the
legally established fishing zones by the government, referring to Indonesia's Exclusive Economic Zone (ZEE) of 200
nautical miles from the baseline coast. With this real-time monitoring system, it is expected to assist government agencies
and stakeholders in monitoring the fishing activities of traditional fishing vessels, especially in the Malacca Strait region.